Political economy is a science which deals with the fundamental problems of economics, and it is a study of economic laws of universal significance. Therefore, only when the characteristics of economic laws are scientifically clarified, can the theoretical framework and content of political economy be defined scientifically and thus contribute to the revolution and construction.
The theorists of the past attached decisive importance to material production and socio-economic relations, and clarified economic laws from the viewpoint of considering socio-economic development as a process of natural history, and regarded economic law as simply a law of production relations.
Recognizing the objectivity of economic laws, the political economy of the past emphasized the difference between economic laws and natural laws, and the lectures on political economy defined the characteristics of economic laws, which are different from natural laws, as class characteristics.
Emphasizing differences as well as the commonality between economic laws and natural laws in the political economy is significant in that it defined the characteristics of economic laws as social movements.
But it failed to analyze correctly and deeply the question of the difference between economic and natural laws in a more theoretical way.
In his talk titled "On Having a Correct Understanding of the Theoretical Problems of the Political Economy", given to teachers from the Faculty of Economics of
Chairman
"That the course of the economic development is the course of man's activities for conquering nature and that the essential and inevitable relations in this course are an economic law can be regarded as the law of man's activities for conquering nature."
The characteristic of economic law, which was clarified by Chairman
This is a scientific and original ideology based on a scientific analysis of the characteristics of economic movement as a social movement.
Social movement has a distinctive character from the movement of nature and thus have its own lawfulness.
The characteristic of social movement is that it has the motive force and that its movement is developed by the active action and role of the motive force.
The same is true for economic law.
The process of economic development is the process of people's activities for conquering nature.
Firstly, it is because the economic movement is created and developed by man.
The socio-economic and material conditions under which the economic movement of society is conducted are created and developed by man's creative activities to conquer nature.
The economic movement of society is a movement to realize the economic demands and interests of the people.
People want to enjoy an independent and creative life, not being subjugated economically but being free from material restraints.
It is man's economic demand and interests to create the socio-economic and material conditions of independent and creative life and enjoy a rich and civilized material and cultural life and a working life free from the fetters of nature and society.
The transformation of nature and economic movements in society are related to these economic interests of people, and this determines the universal and inevitable connection of man's activities to conquer nature.
Secondly, it is because man has the power to drive economic movement.
Man has the decisive power that drives the economic movement of society and the socio-economic movement is realized by his creative ability.
Man has the creative ability to transform nature in conformity with his demand for independence.
His own physical strength, scientific and technological knowledge and skills are included in his creative ability.
And this creative ability for conquering nature is constantly increasing.
Only on the basis of his creative ability, can he raise certain economic demands and launch an economic movement by relying on it.
The socio-economic and material conditions under which the economic movement of society is conducted are created and developed by man's creative activities to conquer nature.
Socio-economic movements are always conducted in organic connection with objective conditions, and they are one of the important factors that influence man's activities to conquer nature.
The objective factors affecting the socio-economic movement are largely material and social conditions.
Material conditions include the material means and resources available to man.
These include natural resources, means of production and consumer goods, and among the social wealth created by man, the most important elements are the tools of production and means of labour.
Social conditions are the relations of production, economic relations and social forces, and the important relations of production and economy.
The objective conditions affecting economic movement are all created and changed by man to transform nature.
The motive force of the economic movement is, to all intents and purposes, man as a social being.
As material wealth which is used by man in conquering the nature is created by himself, so is the economic relation.
The material wealth man uses to conquer nature is not what nature has given, but a product of man's creative activities, and economic relations are a product of man's creative ability to transform society.
And the objective factor of the economic movement is inconceivable apart from the economic demands and creative ability of the people to conquer nature.
Thus, the socio-economic movement is developed by man to conquer nature, and the objective factors affecting the socio-economic movement also act through man's activities to conquer nature, the motive factor.
This means that the decisive factor in the socio-economic movement is the activity of man to conquer nature, the motive factor.
All this shows that the process of economic development is a process of man's activity to conquer nature.
Since the process of economic development is the process of man's activities to conquer nature, and the essential and inevitable connection of the process is the economic law, economic laws can be regarded as the law of man's activities to conquer nature.
This is a characteristic of economic laws that are different from those of nature.
Chairman
This is the immortal ideological and theoretical exploits performed by Chairman
